Bian Que (Pien Chi'ao)，the most ancient of the physicians from the historical period. He was reputed to be an excellent diagnostician, excelling in pulse taking and acupuncture therapy.
He is ascribed the authorship of Bian Que Neijing (Internal Classic of Bian Que). Han Dynasty physicians claimed to have studied his works, which have since been lost.

Li Shizhen

Li Shizhen is considered to have been greatest naturalist in ancient china. He was very interested in the proper classification of the components of nature. His major contribution to medicine was the forty year project of sifting through the vast array of herbal lore and writing down the information that was, in his view, a reliable reflection of reality. His book, the Bencao Gang Mu [Pen T'sao Kang Mu], has been used as a pharmacopoeia, but it was also treatise on botany, zoology, minerology and metallurgy. The book was reprinted frequently and five of the original edition still exist. A rough translation of the herb entries was published in English by two British doctors (Porter and Smith) who were working in China at the end of the 19th century, though extracts of it had been published in Europe since 1656.

Sun Simiao

Sun Simiao [Sun Ssu-mo] was a child prodigy. He had mastered the Chinese classics by age 20 and then became a well-known medical practitioner. His ideas and collected prescriptions were recorded in the books Prescriptions Worth A Thousand Gold and Precious Formulas for Emergency. He helped develop nutritional medicine; for example, recommending seaweed to people living in the mountain regions who suffered from goitre, and recommending liver of ox and sheep for person suffering from night blindness.